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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, July 2003, p. 631-636, Vol. 10, No. 4
1071-412X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.10.4.631-636.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Levels of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1 (MIP-1) and MIP-1ß in Intervillous Blood Plasma Samples from Women with Placental Malaria and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333,¹ Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases and Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602,³ Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand,² Centre for Vector Biology Control and Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute,⁴ Ministry of Health, New Nyanza Provincial General Hospital, Kisumu, Kenya,⁵ Rollback Malaria, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland⁶

Received 20 February 2003/ Returned for modification 9 April 2003/ Accepted 8 May 2003

Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1) and MIP-1ß play an important role in modulating immune responses. To understand their importance in immunity to placental malaria (PM) and in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-PM coinfection, we investigated levels of these chemokines in the placental intervillous blood plasma (IVB plasma) and cord blood plasma of HIV-negative PM-negative, HIV-negative PM-positive, HIV-positive PM-negative, and HIV-positive PM-positive women. Compared to HIV-negative PM-negative women, the MIP-1ß concentration in IVB plasma was significantly elevated in HIV-negative PM-positive women and HIV-positive PM-positive women, but it was unaltered in HIV-positive PM-negative women. Also, PM-infected women, irrespective of their HIV status, had significantly higher levels of MIP-1ß than HIV-positive PM-negative women. The MIP-1 level was not altered in association with either infection. The IVB plasma levels of MIP-1 and MIP-1ß positively correlated with the cord blood plasma levels of these chemokines. As with IVB plasma, only cord plasma from PM-infected mothers had significantly elevated levels of MIP-1ß compared to PM-negative mothers, irrespective of their HIV infection status. MIP-1ß and MIP-1 levels in PM-positive women were positively associated with parasite density and malaria pigment levels. Regardless of HIV serostatus, the IVB MIP-1ß level was significantly lower in women with PM-associated anemia. In summary, an elevated level of MIP-1ß was associated with PM. HIV infection did not significantly alter these two chemokine levels in IVB plasma.

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