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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, July 2003, p. 670-679, Vol. 10, No. 4
1071-412X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.10.4.670-679.2003

Immune Responses against Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Infection in Virally Immunosuppressed Chickens

Ruby R. Sheela,1 Uma Babu,2 Jie Mu,1 Subbiah Elankumaran,3 Daniel A. Bautista,3 Richard B. Raybourne,2 Robert A. Heckert,3 and Wenxia Song1*

Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics,1 College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742,3 Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland 207072

Received 15 January 2003/ Returned for modification 3 March 2003/ Accepted 30 March 2003

To understand the role of immune mechanisms in protecting chickens from Salmonella infections, we examined the immune responses of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis-infected chickens and the effect of chicken anemia virus (CAV), a T-cell-targeted virus, on S. enterica serovar Enteritidis-induced immune responses. One-day-old chicks were orally inoculated with S. enterica serovar Enteritidis with or without intramuscular injection of CAV. The bacterial infection, pathology, and immune responses of chickens were evaluated at 14, 28, and 56 days postinoculation. The infection increased the levels of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis-specific mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA), the number of gut-associated T cells, and the titer of serum IgG specific for S. enterica serovar Enteritidis surface antigens. CAV infection depressed these immune responses, especially the mucosal immune responses, but did not increase the number of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis-infected cells in the intestine. The severity of pathological lesions appeared to be reciprocal to the level of immune responses, but the S. enterica serovar Enteritidis infection persisted. These results suggest that oral infection of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis in chickens induces both mucosal and systemic immune responses, which have a limited effect on the S. enterica serovar Enteritidis infection under conditions designed to mimic the field situation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742. Phone: (301) 405-7552. Fax: (301) 314-9489. E-mail: ws98{at}umail.umd.edu.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, July 2003, p. 670-679, Vol. 10, No. 4
1071-412X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.10.4.670-679.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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