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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, January 1998, p. 28-32, Vol. 5, No. 1
1071-412X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Age-Dependent Levels of Select Immunological Mediators in Sera of Healthy Children

Ulrich Sack,1,* Ullrich Burkhardt,2 Michael Borte,3 Hiltrud Schädlich,1 Kerstin Berg,1 and Frank Emmrich1

Institute of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine,1 Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care,2 and Hospital for Sick Children,3 University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

Received 2 June 1997/Returned for modification 10 July 1997/Accepted 26 September 1997

Serum cytokine levels were measured in 275 healthy children of different ages (3 to 17 years). Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), soluble IL-2R (sIL-2R) (sCD25), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ), soluble TNF receptor type II (sTNF-RII) (sCD120b), gamma interferon (IFN-gamma ), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) (sCD54), soluble E selectin (sE-selectin) (ELAM-1; sCD62E), sCD14, and neopterin were measured with commercial test kits. The mean levels of IL-1RA, sIL-2R, TNF-alpha , sICAM-1, sE-selectin, and sCD14 were higher than in healthy adults. In contrast, IFN-gamma and IL-8 were hardly detectable in children and thereby significantly lower than in adults. In the case of TNF-alpha , sICAM-1, sE selectin, and sCD14, there was a high interindividual variability, apparently unrelated to disease. The profiles of some cytokines, i.e., IL-1RA, IL-6, and TNF-alpha , showed age-related increases that overlapped with known patterns of physical growth. Of note, sIL-2R and sE-selectin instead declined with time. Because of the remarkable age-dependent variability in healthy pediatric subjects, disease-related changes, as well as therapy-dependent alterations, should be considered with caution.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut für Klinische Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin der Universität Leipzig, Linnést. 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. Phone: (49.341) 9725506. Fax: (49.341) 9725509. E-mail: sacu{at}server3.medizin.uni-leipzig.de.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, January 1998, p. 28-32, Vol. 5, No. 1
1071-412X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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