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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, March 1998, p. 176-180, Vol. 5, No. 2
1071-412X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Capsular Serotype and Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates in Two Chilean Cities

Jaime Inostroza,1 Olivia Trucco,2 Valeria Prado,2 Ana Maria Vinet,1 Gloria Retamal,1 Gonzalo Ossa,1 Richard R. Facklam,3 and Ricardo U. Sorensen4,*

Immunology Laboratory and Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Hospital Regional de Temuco, and the Departments of Basic Sciences, Pediatrics, and Internal Medicine, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco,1 and Microbiology Unit, Eastern Campus, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago,2 Chile; Laboratory Section, Childhood and Respiratory Disease Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia3; and Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana4

Received 29 May 1997/Returned for modification 20 August 1997/Accepted 25 November 1997

We compared the incidence of nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae, the serotypes causing mucosal and invasive diseases, and the antibiotic resistance of these strains in patients admitted to three large hospitals and children attending day care centers in two Chilean cities (Santiago and Temuco). The populations in both cities were similar in ethnic background, socioeconomic status, family size, and access to medical care. Significant differences in nasopharyngeal colonization rates, in serotypes causing infections, and in antibiotic resistance were found between the two cities. In children 0 to 2 years of age, 42% were colonized with S. pneumoniae in Santiago compared to 14% in Temuco. A total of 41 serotypes were identified in both Chilean cities studied. Six serotypes were found only in Santiago; 14 serotypes were found only in Temuco. Antibiotic-resistant serotypes 6A, 6B, 14, 19F, and 23F were detected only in Santiago. We show that important differences in the incidence of nasopharyngeal carriage, infection, and S. pneumoniae serotypes can exist in similar populations in different areas of the same country. Our findings are relevant for prevention strategies, antibiotic usage, and vaccine design.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112-2822. Phone: (504) 568-2578. Fax: (504) 568-7532. E-mail: rsorensen{at}mail.peds.lsumc.edu.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, March 1998, p. 176-180, Vol. 5, No. 2
1071-412X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 1998 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.