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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, September 1998, p. 645-653, Vol. 5, No. 5
1071-412X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Like DNA Sequences and Immunoreactive Viral Particles with Unique Association with Breast Cancer

Eva M. Rakowicz-Szulczynska,1,2,3,* Betty Jackson,1 Adriana M. Szulczynska,1 and McClure Smith1,3

Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology1 and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,2 University of Nebraska Medical Center, and NCI-Designated Eppley Cancer Center,3 Omaha, Nebraska

Received 22 December 1997/Returned for modification 1 May 1998/Accepted 27 May 1998

RAK antigens p120, p42, and p25 exhibit molecular and immunological similarity to the proteins encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and are expressed by 95% of breast and gynecological cancer cases in women and prostate cancer cases in men. The binding of an epitope-specific anti-HIV-1 gp120 monoclonal antibody (MAb) (amino acids 308 to 322) to cancer RAK antigens has been found to be inhibited by a peptide derived from variable loop V3 of HIV-1. Breast cancer DNAs of 40 patients were PCR amplified with HIV-1 gp41-derived primers, and all of the samples were found to be positive. The DNA fragments amplified in seven blindly selected breast cancer samples were sequenced. The breast cancer DNA sequences showed at least 90% homology to the HIV-1 gene for gp41. Antisense oligonucleotides complementary to the HIV-1-like sequences inhibited reverse transcriptase activity and inhibited the growth of breast cancer cells in vitro. Viral particles detected in breast cancer cell lines were strongly immunogold labeled with the anti-HIV-1 gp120 MAb. The results obtained strongly suggest that the long-postulated breast cancer virus may, in fact, be related to HIV-1.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 600 South 42nd St., Omaha, NE 68198-3255. Phone: (402) 559-6157. Fax: (402) 559-8112. E-mail: EMRAKOWI{at}UNMC.edu.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, September 1998, p. 645-653, Vol. 5, No. 5
1071-412X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Rakowicz-Szulczynska, E. M. (2000). Relevance of the Viral RAK Alpha Gene in Diagnosis of Malignant Versus Nonmalignant Tumors of the Ovary and Uterus. CVI 7: 360-365 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rakowicz-Szulczynska, E. M., McIntosh, D. G., Smith, M. L. (1999). Giant Syncytia and Virus-Like Particles in Ovarian Carcinoma Cells Isolated from Ascites Fluid. CVI 6: 115-126 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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