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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, July 2002, p. 789-794, Vol. 9, No. 4
1071-412X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.9.4.789-794.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Urine Samples

Mohammad Zahidul Islam,1* Makoto Itoh,1 S. M. Shamsuzzaman,2 Rusella Mirza,3 Farzana Matin,3 Iftikhar Ahmed,3 A. K. M. Shamsuzzaman Choudhury,4 M. Akram Hossain,4 Xu-Guang Qiu,1 Nilufar Begam,5 Masato Furuya,6 Judson L. Leafasia,7 Yoshihisa Hashiguchi,2 and Eisaku Kimura1

Department of Parasitology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute,1 Department of Parasitology,2 Institute of Laboratory Animals, Kochi Medical University, Nangoku, Japan,6 Department of Microbiology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi,3 Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh,4 Department of Parasitology, Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh,5 Solomon Islands Medical Training and Research Institute, Honiara, Solomon Islands7

Received 10 September 2001/ Returned for modification 5 March 2002/ Accepted 3 April 2002

A diagnostic method has been developed to detect anti-Leishmania donovani immunoglobulin G (IgG) in urine by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In measuring anti-L. donovani IgG, IgA, and IgM in urine, the method performed best in the detection of IgG. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were determined with panels of urine samples from 62 visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients, 59 healthy controls from areas of endemicity, 53 healthy controls from areas of nonendemicity, 59 malaria patients, 13 tuberculosis patients, 23 cutaneous leishmaniasis patients, and 7 patients with other diseases. Using L. donovani promastigote crude antigen, the test had 93.5% sensitivity (58 positives of 62 VL patient samples) and 89.3% specificity (191 negatives of 214 non-VL patient samples). The ELISA with acetone-treated L. donovani promastigote antigen raised the sensitivity and specificity to 95.0 and 95.3%, respectively. Western blot analysis revealed that most of the samples that cross-reacted with crude antigen in ELISA did not recognize any antigenic component of L. donovani crude antigen. We also checked 40 serum samples from the same group of VL patients for anti-L. donovani IgG and got 90.0% sensitivity with both crude and acetone-treated antigens. As collection of urine is much easier than collection of serum, the detection of anti-L. donovani IgG in urine with acetone-treated antigen will be useful in epidemiological studies. It could be an adjunct of laboratory diagnosis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Parasitology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi-ken 480-1195, Japan. Phone: 81-52-264-4811. Fax: 81-561-63-3645. E-mail: zahid{at}aichi-med-u.ac.jp.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, July 2002, p. 789-794, Vol. 9, No. 4
1071-412X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.9.4.789-794.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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  • Solano-Gallego, L., Rodriguez, A., Iniesta, L., Arboix, M., Portus, M., Alberola, J. (2003). Detection of Anti-Leishmania Immunoglobulin G Antibodies in Urine Specimens of Dogs with Leishmaniasis. CVI 10: 849-855 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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