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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, November 2002, p. 1318-1323, Vol. 9, No. 6
1071-412X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.9.6.1318-1323.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Evaluation of Immunomodulatory Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

L. Villamil, C. Tafalla, A. Figueras, and B. Novoa*

Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain

Received 31 October 2001/ Returned for modification 20 June 2002/ Accepted 23 July 2002

In the present work, the effects of several lactic acid bacteria on the immune response of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) macrophages have been studied both in vitro and in vivo. Out of six lactic acid bacterial strains tested, only heat-killed Lactococcus lactis significantly increased the turbot head kidney macrophage chemiluminescent (CL) response after 24 h of incubation. Nitric oxide (NO) was also significantly enhanced by this bacterium after 72 h of incubation with either viable (103 and 106 cells/ml) or heat-killed (106 cells/ml) bacteria. Viable Leuconostoc mesenteroides (106 cells/ml) was also capable of significantly increasing NO production. Since L. lactis proved to be the strain with more effects on the host immune function, further in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted with this bacterium. The in vitro capacity of L. lactis to adhere to turbot intestinal mucus was positively confirmed. When orally administered, L. lactis significantly increased the macrophage CL response and the serum NO concentration after 7 days of daily administration. The antibacterial effect of the extracellular products from the six LAB strains against the fish-pathogenic bacterium Vibrio anguillarum was also demonstrated in vitro.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain. Phone: 34 986 214463. Fax: 34 986 292762. E-mail: virus{at}iim.csic.es.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, November 2002, p. 1318-1323, Vol. 9, No. 6
1071-412X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.9.6.1318-1323.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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Copyright © 2002 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.