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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, November 2003, p. 1117-1122, Vol. 10, No. 6
1071-412X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.10.6.1117-1122.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Anti-HBs Cellular Immune Response in Kidney Recipients before and 4 Months after Transplantation

Patricia Aguilar,1 Edith Renoult,2 Loraine Jarrosson,1 Marie Nathalie Kolopp-Sarda,1 Christine Prin Mathieu,1 Gilbert C. Faure,1 Michele Kessler,2 Marie C. Bene,1* Chantal Kohler,1 and Anne Kennel De March1

Laboratoire d'Immunologie du CHU, Faculté de Médecine,1 Service de Néphrologie, CHU Brabois, 54500 Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France2

Received 9 May 2003/ Returned for modification 3 July 2003/ Accepted 21 August 2003

Patients with renal failure represent a population at risk for hepatitis B, since only 50 to 60% of them develop protective humoral responses after vaccination. As this could be due to an altered regulation of cellular immune responses, the objectives of the present study were to evaluate the proliferative abilities of lymphocytes from patients with chronic renal failure after stimulation in vitro with a mitogen (pokeweed mitogen [PWM]) or HBsAg. In order to differentiate between the immunodeficiency associated with renal failure and that due to immunosuppression posttransplantation, the same subjects were tested before and 4 months after kidney transplantation. The lymphoproliferation assay used was performed by flow cytometry, which is based on sequential analysis of the cell cycle and which allows analysis of cytokine production. Serologically, the group of 36 patients tested comprised 22% nonresponders, 30% poor responders, and 48% responders. Lymphocyte growth was observed for all patients after stimulation with PWM, indicating that these cells had the capacity to proliferate in vitro. The level of lymphoproliferation in response to PWM was significantly reduced after transplantation, yet both before and after transplantation, all serologic nonresponders developed cellular responses to at least two vaccines. No correlation between humoral and cellular responses was shown. Proliferating cells were lymphocytes, which mostly secreted interleukin 4 (IL-4) and IL-10 for the three serologic groups. This study suggests that even when repeated vaccination fails to induce significant antibody levels in patients with renal failure, specific HBs cellular responses develop, and these may prove to be efficient in protecting these patients against hepatitis B.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratoire d'Immunologie du CHU, Faculté de Médecine, 9 Av. de la Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54500 Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France. Phone: 33 0 83 68 36 60. Fax: 33 0 83 44 60 22. E-mail: bene{at}grip.u-nancy.fr.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, November 2003, p. 1117-1122, Vol. 10, No. 6
1071-412X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.10.6.1117-1122.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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