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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, 03 1995, 192-198, Vol 2, No. 2
Copyright © 1995 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Differential effect of the immunomodulatory hormone somatostatin on replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes

L Mercure, D Phaneuf and MA Wainberg
Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

The long-acting somatostatin analog octreotide (SMS 201-995) possesses immunosuppressive properties and has been successfully used for the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated diarrhea, a condition commonly observed in the absence of known enteric pathogens. Since HIV type 1 (HIV-1) replication can occur in both CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, we hypothesized that this benefit might be due to local effects on HIV-1 replication in these two T-cell subsets. As a model, we studied the effects of two synthetic molecules, SRIH 1-14 and SRIH 1- 28, closely related to naturally occurring forms of somatostatin, as well as SMS 201-995 on HIV-1 replication in CD4+ and CD8+ cells derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We found that HIV-1 replication was inhibited in CD8+ cells but enhanced in infected CD4+ lymphocytes, as measured by p24 antigen levels in culture fluids. These differential effects were drug concentration dependent. We also observed that somatostatin inhibited the mitogen-induced proliferative responsiveness of both cell types. These effects on both HIV-1 replication and cell proliferation were independent of somatostatin gene expression, since somatostatin mRNAs were not detected in mitogen- stimulated PBMC, as determined by reverse transcription-PCR.




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