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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, March 1998, p. 230-234, Vol. 5, No. 2
1071-412X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Apoptosis in Cord Blood T Lymphocytes from Infants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Mothers

Athena Economides,1,dagger Ingrid Schmid,2,3,4 Deborah J. Anisman-Posner,5 Susan Plaeger,1,3,4 Yvonne J. Bryson,1,4 and Christel H. Uittenbogaart1,3,4,5,*

Departments of Pediatrics,1 Medicine,2 and Microbiology and Immunology,5 The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center,3 and University of California Los Angeles AIDS Institute,4 University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California

Received 7 August 1997/Returned for modification 19 September 1997/Accepted 1 December 1997

Apoptosis continues to be controversial in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced pathogenesis. To investigate whether apoptosis occurs with HIV exposure with or without subsequent infection, levels of apoptosis were measured in cord blood lymphocytes (CBL) from seven newborns delivered to HIV-infected mothers and seven normal, unexposed newborns. Live cells were costained with antibodies to cell surface markers and the DNA dye 7-amino actinomycin D to immunophenotype apoptotic CBL subsets. Apoptosis was measured in fresh and cultured CBL in the presence and absence of CD3 T-cell receptor stimulation. Compared to the CD4+ CBL from HIV-unexposed newborns, CD4+ CBL from six HIV-exposed, noninfected newborns demonstrated significantly greater apoptosis after overnight culture even in the absence of CD3 stimulation. Compared to HIV-unexposed controls, CD8+ CBL from the six HIV-exposed newborns also demonstrated increased levels of apoptosis after overnight culture without stimulation. The one HIV-infected newborn in this study showed the highest levels of CD4+ and CD8+ apoptotic CBL. The data suggest that levels of apoptosis are increased in infants in association with HIV infection. Furthermore, CD4+ and CD8+ cord blood lymphocytes from HIV-exposed infants behaved differently than T lymphocytes from either normal, unexposed infants or an HIV-infected infant. These results suggest that exposure to HIV or HIV-induced factors increases the levels of apoptosis in CBL.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095-1747. Phone: (310) 825-1982. Fax: (310) 206-1318. E-mail: uittenbo{at}ucla.edu.

dagger Present address: Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, March 1998, p. 230-234, Vol. 5, No. 2
1071-412X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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