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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, March 1999, p. 193-198, Vol. 6, No. 2
1071-412X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Increased Expression of Regeneration and Tolerance Factor in Individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Brian K. DuChateau,1 Gerald W. Lee,1 Maxwell P. Westerman,2 and Kenneth D. Beaman1,*

Clinical Immunology Laboratory and Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Finch University of Health Sciences/The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, Illinois 60064,1 and Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, Illinois 606082

Received 27 March 1998/Returned for modification 13 May 1998/Accepted 9 December 1998

Regeneration and tolerance factor (RTF) plays a pivotal role in successful pregnancy outcome and has potent immunomodulating properties. During pregnancy, it is abundantly expressed in the placenta and on peripheral B lymphocytes. Several lines of evidence suggest that both successful pregnancy outcome and progression from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to AIDS are associated with a Th2-type response. As a result, we hypothesized that the cellular expression of RTF may also be increased during infection with HIV. Using flow cytometric analysis, we showed a significantly (P < 0.01) increased expression of RTF on CD3+ cells obtained from individuals with HIV over that for individuals without HIV. On average, 32.1% of the CD3+ cells from individuals with HIV expressed high levels of RTF. In contrast, an average of only 6.7% of the CD3+ cells from individuals without HIV expressed high levels of RTF. Similar results were obtained when CD19+ cells from individuals with (mean, 44.1%) and without (mean, 25.8%) HIV were evaluated. Linear regression analysis suggested that high levels of RTF expression by CD3+ cells correlated better with viral load (r value, 0.46) than with absolute CD4 count (r value, 0.09). While additional experiments are necessary to delineate the precise immunologic role of RTF, our current data suggest that RTF expression during HIV infection may be a useful marker of immune activation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: FUHS/The Chicago Medical School, Clinical Immunology Laboratory, 3333 Green Bay Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064. Phone: (847) 578-3444. Fax: (847) 578-3349. E-mail: kbeaman{at}aol.com.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, March 1999, p. 193-198, Vol. 6, No. 2
1071-412X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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