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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, May 2000, p. 468-476, Vol. 7, No. 3
1071-412X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Are the Enzyme Immunoassays for Antibodies to Pneumococcal Capsular Polysaccharides Serotype Specific?

Anu Soininen,1,* Germie van den Dobbelsteen,2 Lukas Oomen,2 and Helena Käyhty1

Department of Vaccines, National Public Health Institute (KTL), Helsinki, Finland,1 and Laboratory for Vaccine Research, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands2

Received 5 November 1999/Returned for modification 7 January 2000/Accepted 9 March 2000

The specificity of antibody binding to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (Pnc PSs) measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was studied by inhibition of antibody binding by homologous and heterologous PSs. We found extensive cross-reactivity of antibody binding to type 6B, 19F, and 23F PSs but not to type 14 PS, even after treatment with cell wall PS (CPS). The cross-reactive antibody was highly prevalent in sera of infants and adults with naturally acquired antibody, but not in sera of infants and adults immunized with pneumococcal vaccines. However, a type 11A antibody response was seen after vaccination with heterologous PSs. Monoclonal antibodies prepared against a type 6B PS-tetanus toxoid conjugate recognized also other than the specific type of PS in the EIA, implying the possible existence of a cross-reactive epitope. Remarkable differences in specificity among type 6B PS preparations from different manufacturers were found. Moreover, different lots of type 11A PS from the same manufacturer showed differences in specificity. The results suggest that some Pnc PS preparations may contain cross-reactive epitopes or impurities, other than CPS, that are common to many types of Pnc PS. The specificity of antibodies, especially in sera from nonimmunized subjects, measured by EIA can be questioned.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Vaccine Immunology, Department of Vaccines, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland. Phone: 358 9 4744 8588. Fax: 358 9 4744 8599. E-mail: anu.soininen{at}ktl.fi.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, May 2000, p. 468-476, Vol. 7, No. 3
1071-412X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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