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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, January 2001, p. 138-142, Vol. 8, No. 1
1071-412X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.8.1.138-142.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Detection of Phenolic Glycolipid I of Mycobacterium leprae in Sera from Leprosy Patients before and after Start of Multidrug Therapy

Sang-Nae Cho,1,2,* Roland V. Cellona,3 Laarni G. Villahermosa,3 Tranquilino T. Fajardo Jr.,3 M. Victoria F. Balagon,3 Rodolfo M. Abalos,3 Esterlina V. Tan,3 Gerald P. Walsh,3 Joo-Deuk Kim,1,2 and Patrick J. Brennan4

Department of Microbiology1 and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases,2 Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, The Republic of Korea; Leonard Wood Memorial Center, Cebu 6000, The Philippines3; and Department of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 805234

Received 8 June 2000/Returned for modification 25 July 2000/Accepted 23 October 2000

A total of 100 untreated new leprosy patients were recruited prospectively and examined for the presence of phenolic glycolipid I (PGL-I) antigen in their serum specimens by dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using rabbit anti-PGL-I antiserum. The presence of circulating PGL-I antigen was closely related to the bacterial indices (BI) of the patients. The PGL-I antigen was detectable in 27 (93.1%) of 29 patients with a BI of 4.0 or above and in 15 (68.2%) of 22 patients with a BI of 3.0 to 3.9. However, none of the 37 patients with a BI of less than 1.9 had detectable PGL-I antigen by the methods used in this study. The level of PGL-I in serum declined rapidly by about 90% 1 month after the start of multidrug therapy. This study showed clearly that anti-PGL-I IgM antibodies and circulating PGL-I antigen levels reflect the bacterial loads in untreated leprosy patients. The serological parameters based on the PGL-I antigen may therefore be useful in the assessment of leprosy patients at the time of diagnosis and possibly in monitoring patients following chemotherapy.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea. Phone: 822-361-5282. Fax: 82-2-313-9028. E-mail: raycho{at}yumc.yonsei.ac.kr.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, January 2001, p. 138-142, Vol. 8, No. 1
1071-412X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.8.1.138-142.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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