This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Qadri, F.
Right arrow Articles by Svennerholm, A.-M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Qadri, F.
Right arrow Articles by Svennerholm, A.-M.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, March 2002, p. 221-229, Vol. 9, No. 2
1071-412X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.9.2.221-229.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Increased Levels of Inflammatory Mediators in Children and Adults Infected with Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139

Firdausi Qadri,1* Rubhana Raqib,1 Firoz Ahmed,1 Taufiqur Rahman,1 Christine Wenneras,2 Swadesh Kumar Das,1 Nur Haque Alam,1 Minnie M. Mathan,1 and Ann-Mari Svennerholm2

Centre for Health and Population Research, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh,1 Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Göteborg University, S-413 46 Göteborg, Sweden2

Received 5 July 2001/ Returned for modification 3 October 2001/ Accepted 1 November 2001

Investigations were carried out to study the production of factors associated with the innate immune response in the systemic and mucosal compartments in adults and children infected with Vibrio cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139. The levels of nonspecific mediators of the innate defense system, i.e., prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and lactoferrin (Lf), as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO), were elevated at the acute stage of the disease in stools obtained from both O1- and O139-infected adults and children. In the systemic compartment, the levels of Lf were increased after onset of disease, which in children remained elevated up to convalescence compared to the healthy controls. Increased concentrations of C-reactive protein were seen in the sera of adult cholera patients at the acute stage of infection. Elevated levels of the nitric oxide (NO·) metabolites (nitrite and nitrate [NO2- and NO3-]) were detected in plasma but not in urine. The activity of the scavenger of reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, was higher in the plasma of adults immediately after the onset of disease, suggesting that an active scavenging of reactive oxygen species was taking place. The concentration of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2{alpha} remained unchanged in the systemic and mucosal compartments in the study subjects. After the recovery of patients from cholera, the concentration of the majority of the metabolites decreased to baseline levels by day 30 after the onset of infection. Immunohistochemical staining showed increased tissue expression of MPO, Lf, and inducible nitric oxide synthase at the acute stage in the duodenal biopsies of adults and rectal biopsies obtained from children with cholera. Very little difference was seen in the levels of the different inflammatory mediators in patients infected with V. cholerae O1 or the encapsulated V. cholerae O139. In summary, these results suggest that elevated concentrations of Lf, MPO, PGE2, LTB4, and NO·, as well as other metabolites, during the acute stage of the disease indicate that the innate defense system, as well as the inflammatory process, is activated in both adults and pediatric patients infected with V. cholerae O1 and O139.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory Sciences Division, ICDDR,B, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. Phone: 8802-8811751, x2431. Fax: 8802-8823116. E-mail: fqadri{at}icddrb.org.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, March 2002, p. 221-229, Vol. 9, No. 2
1071-412X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.9.2.221-229.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Haines, G. K. III, Sayed, B. A., Rohrer, M. S., Olivier, V., Satchell, K. J. F. (2005). Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in the Proinflammatory Response to Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Strains Deficient in Production of Cholera Toxin and Accessory Toxins. Infect. Immun. 73: 6157-6164 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Peters-Golden, M., Canetti, C., Mancuso, P., Coffey, M. J. (2005). Leukotrienes: Underappreciated Mediators of Innate Immune Responses. J. Immunol. 174: 589-594 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Stokes, N. R., Zhou, X., Meltzer, S. J., Kaper, J. B. (2004). Transcriptional Responses of Intestinal Epithelial Cells to Infection with Vibrio cholerae. Infect. Immun. 72: 4240-4248 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hayashida, K.-i., Takeuchi, T., Ozaki, T., Shimizu, H., Ando, K., Miyamoto, A., Harada, E. (2004). Bovine lactoferrin has a nitric oxide-dependent hypotensive effect in rats. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 286: R359-R365 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zhou, X., Gao, D. Q., Michalski, J., Benitez, J. A., Kaper, J. B. (2004). Induction of Interleukin-8 in T84 Cells by Vibrio cholerae. Infect. Immun. 72: 389-397 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Qadri, F, Bhuiyan, T R, Dutta, K K, Raqib, R, Alam, M S, Alam, N H, Svennerholm, A-M, Mathan, M M (2004). Acute dehydrating disease caused by Vibrio cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 induce increases in innate cells and inflammatory mediators at the mucosal surface of the gut. Gut 53: 62-69 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»